牛津译林版高中英语必修4Unit 1“Advertising”（Grammar）课件.pptVIP

ks5u精品课件 Unit 1 Advertising Grammar and usage * * Direct speech and indirect speech: What are “direct speech and indirect speech? And when do we use them? 1. We use direct speech to report what exactly has been said. If we write the speech down, the words will usually appear in quotation marks. e.g. Tom said, “I have previewed Grammar and usage.” ↘ Tom 2. We often use indirect speech to report the meaning of what has been said without using the exact words. e.g. Tom said that he had previewed Grammar and usage. Comparing the examples, we can see the changes in “personal pronouns tenses”. More examples: She said, “I’m used to ads.” She said that used to ads. she was The table below shows how we usually change the tenses when the reporting verb is in the past tense. Direct speech Reported speech Direct speech Reported speech Simple present Present continuous Simple past Present perfect Simple past Past continuous Past perfect Ditto! Simple future Future in the past Past perfect Past perfect Present perfect continuous Past perfect continuous True or false: “Light travels as great speed.” he said. → He said that light traveled at great speed. F travels at great speed. We do not change the tense when we report a fact that does not change over time. More practice: 1. He said, “We exchange gifts at Christmas.” → He said (that) they exchange gifts at Christmas. 2. He said, “ Magnet (磁铁) attracts iron.” → He said that magnet attracts iron. 3. The teacher said, “The earth contains a large number of metals which are useful to man.” → The teacher told us that the earth contains a large number of metals which are useful to man. 定语从句 How to change this sentence? Tom said, “I’m working here today.” → Tom said he was working there that day. The following table shows other examples of such changes: direct speech reported speech today → that day / yesterday / on Wednesday, etc. tomorrow → the next day / the following da