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英文文献: SMART CARD for SMART CAMPUS KFUPM Case Study Tala1 Halawani and Mohamed Mohandes King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals mohandes@kfuum.edu. Sa Abstract Smart card is the latest addition in the world of information technology. The vision of the smart card program is to provide access to services that is secure, fast,friendly, easy to use, flexible, personal, and is accessible by the users kom anyplace at any time. A smart card is of the size of a conventional credit card with an embedded computer chip that stores and transacts data between users and devices. This data is associated with either value or information or both and is stored and processed within the chip of the card. The card data is transacted via a card reader attached to a computing system as a peripheral device. Smart cards are extensively used through several key applications like education, healthcare, banking, entertainment, and transportation. 1. Introduction Smart card is a mini-computer capable of storing and processing data. Although, at -present, they are most popular as single-function cash cards and long-distance calling cards, their capabilities range from retaining tickets, money, frequent flyer miles, travel preferences, insurance information, key demographic data, links to a patient’s medical records, to allowing access into a building, logging onto a network, etc. The potential of the smart card is limitless. With the added bonus of these functions being performed on a single card, smart cards have the ability to become indispensable tools. Smart cards were first introduced in Europe a couple of decades ago as a stored value tool for pay phones to reduce theft [I]. As smart cards and other chip-based cards advanced, people found new ways to use them, such as charging cards for credit purchases and for record keeping in place of paper. Smart cards provide tamper-proof storage of user and account identity. They provide protection against a full range of security threats