Disruption of the thrombospondin-2 gene alters the lamellar morphology but does not permit vascularization of the adult mouse lumbar disc.docVIP

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Disruption of the thrombospondin-2 gene alters the lamellar morphology but does not permit vascularization of the adult mouse lumbar disc.doc

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Disruption of the thrombospondin-2 gene alters the lamellar morphology but does not permit vascularization of the adult mouse lumbar disc

Available online /content/10/4/R96 Research article Open Access Vol 10 No 4 Disruption of the thrombospondin-2 gene alters the lamellar morphology but does not permit vascularization of the adult mouse lumbar disc Helen E Gruber1, Paul Bornstein2, E Helene Sage3, Jane A Ingram1, Natalia Zinchenko1, H James Norton4 and Edward N Hanley Jr1 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Carolinas Medical Center, PO Box 32861, Charlotte, NC 28232, USA 2Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA 3Hope Heart Program, The Benaroya Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101-2795, USA 4Department of Biostatistics, Carolinas Medical Center, PO Box 332861, Charlotte, NC 28232, USA Corresponding author: Helen E Gruber, helen.gruber@ Received: 22 May 2008 Revisions requested: 11 Jul 2008 Revisions received: 1 Aug 2008 Accepted: 21 Aug 2008 Published: 21 Aug 2008 Arthritis Research Therapy 2008, 10:R96 (doi:10.1186/ar2483) This article is online at: /content/10/4/R96 ? 2008 Gruber et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Introduction The biological basis for the avascular state of the intervertebral disc is not well understood. Previous work has suggested that the presence of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), a matricellular protein, in the outer annulus reflects a role for this protein in conferring an avascular status to the disc. In the present study we have examined thrombospondin-2 (TSP-2), a matricellular protein with recognized anti-angiogenic activity in vivo and in vitro. lamellar collagen structure in null mouse discs compared with WT mouse discs. Additionally, vascular beds at the margins of discs of TSP-2-null mice were substantially