Effects of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Crude Extracts on Starch Digestibility, Estimated Glycemic Index (EGI), and Resistant Starch (RS) Contents of Porridges.docVIP

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Effects of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Crude Extracts on Starch Digestibility, Estimated Glycemic Index (EGI), and Resistant Starch (RS) Contents of Porridges.doc

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Effects of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Crude Extracts on Starch Digestibility, Estimated Glycemic Index (EGI), and Resistant Starch (RS) Contents of Porridges

Molecules 2012, 17, 11124-11138; doi:10.3390/molecules170911124 OPEN ACCESS molecules ISSN 1420-3049 /journal/molecules Article Effects of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Crude Extracts on Starch Digestibility, Estimated Glycemic Index (EGI), and Resistant Starch (RS) Contents of Porridges Dilek Lemlioglu-Austin 1,*, Nancy D. Turner 2, Cassandra M. McDonough 3 and Lloyd W. Rooney 3 1 Novozymes NA, 77 Perrys Chapel Church Road, Franklinton, NC 27525, USA 2 Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas AM University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; E-Mail: n-turner@ 3 Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas AM University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; E-Mails: casstx@ (C.M.M.); lrooney@ (L.W.R.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: daus@; Tel.: +1-479-479-3805; Fax: +1-919-494-3414. Received: 30 July 2012; in revised form: 27 August 2012 / Accepted: 12 September 2012 / Published: 17 September 2012 Abstract: Bran extracts (70% aqueous acetone) of specialty sorghum varieties (tannin, black, and black with tannin) were used to investigate the effects of sorghum phenolic compounds on starch digestibility, Estimated Glycemic Index (EGI), and Resistant Starch (RS) of porridges made with normal corn starch, enzyme resistant high amylose corn starch, and ground whole sorghum flours. Porridges were cooked with bran extracts in a Rapid Visco-analyser (RVA). The cooking trials indicated that bran extracts of phenolic-rich sorghum varieties significantly reduced EGI, and increased RS contents of porridges. Thus, there could be potential health benefits associated with the incorporation of phenolic-rich sorghum bran extracts into foods to slow starch digestion and increase RS content. Keywords: sorghum phenolics; starch digestibility; Estimated Glycemic Index; resistant starch Molecules 2012, 17 11125 1. Introduction Obesity and diabetes are among the most important med