Enzymatic digestion of articular cartilage results in viscoelasticity changes that are consistent with polymer dynamics mechanisms.docVIP

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Enzymatic digestion of articular cartilage results in viscoelasticity changes that are consistent with polymer dynamics mechanisms.doc

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Enzymatic digestion of articular cartilage results in viscoelasticity changes that are consistent with polymer dynamics mechanisms

BioMedical Engineering OnLine BioMedCentral Research Open Access Enzymatic digestion of articular cartilage results in viscoelasticity changes that are consistent with polymer dynamics mechanisms Ronald K June*1,2 and David P Fyhrie2 Address: 1Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA and 2Biomedical Engineering Graduate Group and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, USA Email: Ronald K June* - rkjune@; David P Fyhrie - dpfyhrie@ * Corresponding author Published: 4 November 2009 Received: 30 June 2009 Accepted: 4 November 2009 BioMedical Engineering OnLine 2009, 8:32 doi:10.1186/1475-925X-8-32 This article is available from: /content/8/1/32 ? 2009 June and Fyhrie; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: Cartilage degeneration via osteoarthritis affects millions of elderly people worldwide, yet the specific contributions of matrix biopolymers toward cartilage viscoelastic properties remain unknown despite 30 years of research. Polymer dynamics theory may enable such an understanding, and predicts that cartilage stress-relaxation will proceed faster when the average polymer length is shortened. Methods: This study tested whether the predictions of polymer dynamics were consistent with changes in cartilage mechanics caused by enzymatic digestion of specific cartilage extracellular matrix molecules. Bovine calf cartilage explants were cultured overnight before being immersed in type IV collagenase, bacterial hyaluronidase, or control solutions. Stress-relaxation and cyclical loading tests were performed after 0, 1, and 2 days of incubation. Re