论文文内引用标注格式规范.doc

文献引用注明出处反映了论文作者对所涉领域的把握和治学的态度。引用的规范按专业方向的不同一般分为MLA（the Modern Language Association）和APA（the American Psychological Association）两类，区别在于次序、大小写、缩写、标点等细节上。学位论文撰写人应该根据MLA或APA的要求，格式上做到前后一致。（详见文献引证。） 引文出处应使用括号夹注的方法（一般不使用脚注或者尾注）。在正文中，括号夹注是引文出现的小句的一部分，因而必须放在句末的标点以内，不得放在句外，但也不得放在引文的引号以内（见图6.1）。 图6.1 ：括号夹注在正文中的使用方法 正确： Her idea is further confirmed that “people think her odd and that nobody loves and admires her” (Fountain 33). ： Her idea is further confirmed that “people think her odd and that nobody loves and admires her.” (Fountain 33) Her idea is further confirmed that “people think her odd and that nobody loves and admires her (Fountain 33).” MLA（the Modern Language Association）APA（the American Psychological Association），，MLA，APA。就我院学位论文而言，文学方向的论文采用MLA，其他方向的学位论文采用APA。 申请人应认真阅读相应的规范使用手册。本节提供部分实例，供参考。 正文中的引证 1.引用整篇文献的观点 MLA： Charlotte and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing (Taylor，1990). APA： Charlotte and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing (Taylor, 1990). 另一种情况是作者的姓氏已在正文同一句中出现，按MLA的规范不需要使用括号夹注，如： MLA： Taylor 1990) claims that Charlotte and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing. 而按APA的规范则没有必要在括号夹注中重复作者的姓，如： APA： Taylor claims that Charlotte and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing (1990). APA： In a 1990 article, Taylor claims that Charlotte and Emily Bronte were polar opposites, not only in their personalities but in their sources of inspiration for writing. 在英文撰写的论文中引用中文著作或者期刊作者的姓氏，不得使用汉字，如 MLA： (Zhu 12) APA： (Zhang, 2005) . 引用文献中具体观点或文字 引用文献中某一具体观点或文字时必须注明该观点或者该段文字出现的页码，没有页码是文献引用不规范的表现。例如： MLA： Ancient writers attributed the invention of the monochord to Pythagoras, who lived in the sixth century BC (Marcuse 197). Monasteries in medieval Eur