初中八种基本时态讲解及练习.doc

英语语法（时态） be(“是/存在”)动词的各种时态变化： 一 般 现 在 时 一 般 将 来 时 现 在 完 成 时 I am…. You are.… He/She/It is…. We/You/They are…. (I等各人称) will be…. I am He/She/It is going to be… We/You/They are I have been…. You have been…. She/he/It has been…. We/You/They have been... 一 般 过 去 时 过 去 将 来 时 过 去 完 成 时 I was…. You were.… He/She/It was…. We/You/They were…. (I等各人称) would be…. I was He/She/It was going to be… We/You/They were I had been…. You had been…. She/he/It had been…. We/You/They had bee 其它谓语动词(主动语态)的时态变化一览表： 现在时态 一 般 现 在 时 现 在 进 行 时 一 般 将 来 时 现 在 完 成 时 谓语动词构成 动词用原形(单三加s / es) (问句和否定句借用助词do / does) am is +动词-ing are will + 动词原形 am is +going to+动词原形 are have +过去分词 has 过去时态 一 般 过 去 时 过 去 进 行 时 过 去 将 来 时 过 去 完 成 时 谓语动词构成 动词用过去式 (问句和否定句借用助词did) was +动词-ing were would + 动词原形 as +going to+动词原形 were had +过去分词 [注意] 在其它的时态中也存在类似问题,记住,关键是：瞬间动词不能和表达一段时间的状语连用。 如：How long may I keep the book?(这本书我能借多久？)(句子中keep取代了borrow) 注意：句型变化时, 否定句在am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would 后面加not,而且not都可以缩写为n’t (am后面not不可以缩写)； 疑问句将am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would 提前到句首。 八种时态的具体用法： 一般现在时表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。 ①　一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：often,usually,sometimes,always,every (day等), once/twice,a (week等), on (Sunday等),never,in the (morning等)。 如：They go to the Palace Museum once a year.(他们每年去一次故宫)/ They often discuss business in the evening.(他们经常在晚上商谈生意) ②　表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。 如：The earth turns round the sun.(地球绕着太阳转)/ Light travels faster than sound.(光传播比声音快) ③ 表示十分确定会发生(如安排好的事情)或按照时间表进行的事情,用一般现在可以表达将来,句子中可以有将来时间。 如：The train for Haikou leaves at 8：00 in the morning.(开往口的列车上午8点开车) ④ 在时间状语从句中(以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导)和条件状语从句中(以if,unless引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子可以有将来时间。 如：Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(你一到德国就给我打电话) / If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(如果明天下雨我们就只好呆在家) ⑤ 一般现在时用于倒装句中可以表示正在发生的动作,动词以come, go为主。 如：Here comes the bus. (车来了) / There goes the bell.(