隧道施工质量小结.docVIP

隧道施工质量小结 隧道施工质量小结提要：隧道质量取决于工艺质量，工艺质量取决于开挖、初期支护及防排水质量等，初期支护和防排水质量等比较好控制可以加强监管 隧道施工质量小结 1、横向裂缝不论是混凝土本身的问题还是由应力产生短时间内都不会造成重大灾难性的后果，可以对产生原因进行分析进而做出处理。而纵向裂缝不论哪种原因产生对隧道的受力都会有严重影响轻则位移过大侵入净空，重则产生坍塌，遇到这种裂缝应立即暂停施工，待处理完成后恢复，以免酿成重大安全事故。 2、隧道质量取决于工艺质量，工艺质量取决于开挖、初期支护及防排水质量等，初期支护和防排水质量等比较好控制可以加强监管，那么重点就是开挖质量，就是说理论上没有了超欠挖后续的初支质量就有了保证。 3、隧道衬砌断面设计的一般原则 1）首先拟定出断面的形式和尺寸，确定设计荷载，进行内力分析，检算其强度是否满足要求，如果不行，则须改变尺寸重新检算，直到满足要求为止。 2）设计衬砌断面，主要是确定衬砌内轮廓线、轴线和厚度。 3）设计内轮廓线，其内轨顶面以上应满足限界要求，不得侵入限界，以确保行车安全。轨顶面以下尺寸根据轨道类型确定，力求开挖和衬砌数量为最小。并考虑施工中易于加宽和拱架制作简便等因素。 4、衬砌断面的轴线应尽量与压力曲线相重合，使衬砌断面承受压应力，以充分发挥衬砌材料的抗压能力。为此，当衬砌承受的垂直压力大于水平压力时，可采用直墙式衬砌；当衬砌承受较大的垂直压力和水平压力时，可采用曲墙式衬砌；当衬砌有沉陷的可能或承受底鼓压力时宜修筑仰拱。 5、复合式衬砌，目前最通用的是外衬为锚喷支护，内衬为整体式混凝土衬砌。复合式衬砌的极限承载能力比同等厚度的单层模筑混凝土衬砌提高15%～25%。 6、隧道综合治水方法：以排水为主，截、堵、排相结合。 Measures for the routine management of moral education in Middle SchoolsMethod of conventional management of moral education in middle schoolFirst, the guiding ideology:School moral education is an organic whole of the whole education work, always adhere to the school adhere to the moral education, education for this product, and actively promote the quality education, the school building efficient curriculum system of moral education, moral education, improve the sense of attraction and appeal, enhance the moral education work for through and timeliness. Teach everyone, service education and management education, and school moral education work must be with family education and community education closely together, to form a concerted pattern, and strive to create a good atmosphere for education, and to promote the all-round development of students, to establish a scientific moral education full of vigor the For long-term mechanism.Two, the goal of moral education:To guide the students to form the correct world outlook, outlook on life, values, to cultivate students unity and mutual assistance, honest and trustworthy, law-abiding, good quality, hard work, set a good XX students ideol