中枢神经系统-脑干.pptVIP

Brain Stem Xiaohua Deng Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Xiangya School of Medicine, CSU 6. The differences compared with the spinal cord A. Central canal is opening B. The grey matter and white matter are rearranged C. The functional column of the grey matter 脑桥：三叉神经与核平面（标本） 脑神经感觉核 脑桥核 脊束核 孤束核 中脑核 前庭核群 蜗神经核 Motor nuclei Sensory nuclei (2) Non-cranial nervous nuclei Superior collicus nucleus Red nucleus Substantia nigra Pontine nucleus Inferior olivary nucleus Gracile nucleus Cuneate nucleus Midbrain Pons Medial oblongata (2) 非脑神经核 上丘核 红核 黑质 脑桥核 下橄榄核 薄核 楔核 中脑 脑桥 中脑 延髓 脑桥 中脑 下橄榄核 红 核 黑 质 非脑神经核 薄束、楔束核 脑桥核 Substantia Nigra and Parkinson’s Disease DA New corpus striatum (caudiform nucleus and putamen Parkinson’s Disease normal Modified from Alvord and Forno, 1992 Modified from Oppenheimer Greenfield’s Pathology 4th Edition, 1984 Lewy and pathological alteration 2), White matter: 1. Ascending Pathways: Medial lemniscus Spinal lemniscus Trigeminal lemniscus Lateral lemniscus III. Pathways via Brain Stem Medial lemniscus 内侧丘系 感觉交叉 Medial lemniscus 脊丘束 Spinal lemniscus Trigeminal lemniscus Lateral lemniscus 2. Descending Pathways: 内侧丘系 丘系交叉 锥体交叉 Medulla oblongata (1)-(4) Transverse section through the medulla oblongata IV. Transverse sections and the Reticular Formation of the Brain Stem 延髓：锥体交叉平面 锥体束 脊丘束 三叉神经脊束 锥体交叉 三叉神经脊核 延髓：感觉交叉 薄、楔束与核 疑核 内弓纤维 舌下神经 三叉神经脊束、核 锥体束 延髓：下橄榄平面（标本） 延髓：下橄榄核平面 舌下神经核 迷走背核 孤束核 疑核 下橄榄核 舌下神经 锥体束 内侧丘系 延髓：橄榄上部平面 延髓：橄榄上部平面 Pons (1)facial colliculus The transverse section of (2)Trigeminal nerve 脑桥：面丘平面（标本） 脑桥：面丘平面 展神经核 面神经核 内侧丘系 锥体束 面神经 展神经 脑桥：模式图解面神经与面丘 面神经 展神经 面丘 展神经核 面神经核 * Position and External Features of the Brain Stem III. Internal Structure of Brain Stem: Nuclei of the Brain Stem and Pathways via Brain Stem IV. Transverse sections and the Reticular Formation of the Brain Stem Development of the Nervous System Ⅴ. Genesis of the Nervous System 1. Formation of the