初中英语复合句中考专项讲解与练习.docxVIP

孝感戴氏教育 高考中考名校冲刺 鹰击长空—基础不丢 一、 宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句，中考主要考查的知识点有三个：引导词、语序和时态 1、宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句的引导词有三种：1）that；2）whether/ if；3）特殊疑问词What/ when/ where/ who等。 He said that he could help me. Your mother asked if you could finish your work this week. Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin？ （1） that引导的宾语从句： that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当，引导词that没有实际意义，不在从句中作任何成分， that可以省略，而且从句成分齐全，句意完整。 　He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。（2）whether或if引导的宾语从句：　 从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的，变成从句后，语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。 Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday.　　I don’t care whether you like the story or not. 注意：以下情况一般只用whether不用if。 ① 接带to的动词不定式。　She doesn’t know whether to go to the zoo. 她不知道是不是去动物园。 ② 与or not连用时。　I’m not sure whether or not he will come on time. 他能否准时来，我说不准。 （3）疑问词引导的宾语从句：　此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序，由wh-开头的疑问词引导。wh-词包括who, whom, whose, what, which等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词，这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。例如：Could you tell me which gate we have to go to? He didn’t tell me how long he would stay here.  2、宾语从句的三个注意事项1）语序：宾语从句要用陈述语序，原来的倒装语序改成陈述语序时注意相应的助动词和动词的变化等。把这两个简单句合成一个复合句： Where does your father work? Can you tell us? → ____________________________________________________ Did you get home very late? He asked me.→ __________________________________________________ 2）时态：如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句根据实际情况用各种时态。My teacher says he will be back in a week. My teacher says he has seen the movie. 如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句用相应的过去时态。My father said he was watching TV at that time. My father said the he had already seen the movie. 如果宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时，用一般现在时。Our teacher told us the sun is much bigger than the earth. 我们的老师告诉我们太阳比地球大多了。 3) 否定转移：　主句的主语如果是第一人称，从句的否定要转移到主句中，其反意疑问句与从句一致。例如：I don’t think they’ll wait to the last minute. I don’t believe he did this, did he?  二、定语从句　　用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般放在它所修饰名词或代词的后面，这个名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的连接词称为关系代词或者关系副词。关系代词在从句中代表先行词可以作主语、宾语、定语等。关系副词代表先行词在从句中可以作状语。 关系词词形所修饰的先行词在从句中所作的成分关系代词who