高中英语语法 定语从句专题.docxVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 10 The world makes the way for the man who knows where he is going.  PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 10 定语从句专题 Eg: She is a beautiful girl.改写： _____________________________________________________________________ （一）定语从句定义 1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面， 2.先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词。 3.用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。 关系代词的种类： 关系代词that, which, who, whose, 关系副词： when, where, why （二）定语从句分类 限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，对先行词起修饰限定作用，从句与先行词紧密相连缺少它，则句义显得不完整，一般不用逗号隔开。 非限定性定语从句：对先行词进行补充说明，解释，它与先行词关系松散，用逗号隔开。 1.The man who gave me this book is Tom .(限定性) 2.Tom,who is reading a book ,is my classmate (非限定性) （三）关系代词 1.who, whom, whose; that; which The man _______ is sitting under the tree is a German . The students_________ speaks German best comes from China . The man __________ you want to see is here . The man__________ you look for has left . I know the girl ___________ the teacher is speaking to . I know the girl to ___________ the teacher is speaking . Everyone heplps the child ____________ parents are dead. They are the lazy students _______homework wasn’t handed in . 归纳总结： who指____________-，在定语从句中作_______，宾语；that 也可指人，但多用who. Whom指________，在句中做_______，可省略，但在做介词的宾语是只能用whom,不能用who.关系代词前有介词时不能省略。whose, 作___________，可指人或物. 2. He is the finest comrade that has helped us . This is a plant___________ grows in the north . that 指人或物，多指物，作_________（不能省略）或_________（可省略） which ,指物，在句中做主语（不能省略），或宾语（可省略） 只能that用做关系代词的情况 1.当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none, one等不定代词时 2.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 3.如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时 4.当先行词被the only, the last, the way, the same等等修饰时。 5.在疑问词which开头的特殊疑问句中,为了避免重复只用that。 6. 当先行词被All, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时，只用that。 7.当被修饰的成分是数词时，（被修饰成分是代名词one，指人时除外）只用that. （四）关系副词 1.when ,where,why e.g. He still remember the day when he joined the army . I’ll never forget the time when (during which ) we worked on the farm. I still remember the day that/which is his birthay. H