英国文学作品选读散文家戏剧家.pptVIP

《英国文学选读》要点（2） —— 散文家/戏剧家及其作品解读 Francis Bacon（1561—1626） Significance He is a philosophy, a scientist and the first English essayist. 2) He is best known for his Essays that is the first example of that genre in English literature. Of Studies --The most popular of Bacon’s essays. Language Features Forceful and persuasive; compact and precise; and the essays reveals to us Bacon’s nature attitude towards learning. Content What studies chiefly serve for. The different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies. How studies exert influence over human character Theme Different ways of studies may exert different influences over human characters. Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgement and disposition of business. 读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。 Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtile; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in morse. 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩；凡有所学，皆成性格。 2. William Shakespeare (1564-1616) Works of Shakespeare and the three major periods of his literary life The first period: 1590 to 1600, In this period he created his best comedies A Midsummer Night’s Dream, The Merchant of Venice; Much Ado about Nothing, As You Like It; and Twelfth Night. The second period began from 1601 to 1609. In this period he produced his four great tragedies: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth, which represent the climax of his dramatic power. The third period: 1610 to 1612, The Winter’s Tale, The Tempest, The Life of King Henry VIII Please give a brief analysis of Hamlet’s “To be or not to be” soliloquy “To be or not to be” is a philosophical exploration of life and death. The soliloquy conveys ’the sense