新中国解决了人民的吃饭问题.docVIP

新中国解决了人民的吃饭问题 饥饿始终是半殖民地、半封建的旧中国的一大难题。旧中国的农业发展水平极为低下，有80%的人口长期处于饥饿半饥饿状态，遇有自然灾害，更是饿殍遍地。1949年新中国成立时，全国每公顷粮食产量只有1.035公斤，人均粮食占有量仅为210公斤。 The semi-colonial and semi-feudal old China was perennially haunted by the specter of starvation. For long periods of time in the old days 80 percent of the population suffered from starvation or semi-starvation because of the extreme backwardness of agricultural production. Natural disasters nearly always resulted in widespread deaths from starvation. In 1949 when the People’s Republic of China was founded, the national grain yield per hectare was only 1,035kg, and the per capita share of grain was only 210 kg a year. 中华人民共和国建立后，政府废除了封建土地所有制，带领人民自力更生，奋发图强，大力发展粮食生产，用占世界7%左右的耕地，养活了占世界22%的人口。1995年与1949年相比，粮食总产量增长了3倍多，年均递增3.1%。目前，中国粮食总产量位居世界第一，人均380公斤左右（含豆类、薯类），达到世界平均水平。人均肉类产量41公斤、水产品21公斤、禽蛋14公斤、水果35公斤、蔬菜198公斤，均超过世界平均水平。均联合国粮农组织统计，在八十年代世界增产的谷物中，中国占31%的份额。中国发展粮食生产所取得的巨大成就，不仅使人民的温饱问题基本解决，生活水平逐步提高，而且为在全球范围内消除饥饿与贫困作出重大贡献。 After the founding of the People’s Republic, the feudal ownership of land was abolished. Under the leadership of their government, the Chinese people devoted themselves to developing grain production through self-reliance and hard work. As a result, China is now able to feed 22 percent of the world’s population on about 7 percent of the world’s cultivated land. Total grain output in 1995 more than quadrupled the 1949 figure, or an average increase of 3.1 percent a year. At present, China ranks first in total grain output in the world, with the per capita share of grain reaching approximately 380kg(including legume and tuber crops), which is the global average. The per capita production of meat, aquatic products, eggs, fruit and vegetables has reached 41kg, 21kg, 14kg, 35kg and respectively, which are all higher than the world average. Statistics form the UN Food and Agriculture Organization show that China contribute 31 percent of the world’s increased grain output in 1980s. China’s significant achievements in d