12011407黄茹梦[毕业论文.doc

毕 业 论 文 2016届 木质生物炭对抗生素的吸附性能 学生姓名 黄茹梦 学 号 院 系 化学化工学院 专 业 化 学 指导教师 李建法 完成日期 2016-04-30 木质生物炭对抗生素的吸附性能 摘 要 生物炭作为一种环境友好多功能型材料，在修复抗生素污染土壤或水体等方面具有巨大的应用前景。本研究考察不同木质原料（木屑、木质素）在不同热解温度、气氛下制备的生物炭对磺胺嘧啶（SD）、四环素（TC）的吸附性能，探讨吸附原理与机制，为开发新型高效的抗生素吸附剂提供理论依据。主要研究结果如下：（1）等温吸附实验表明，高温（800℃）混合气氛下制备的生物炭对抗生素SD和TC的吸附性能明显优于相同条件氮气气氛下制备的生物炭。（2）生物炭对抗生素的吸附性能不仅取决于生物炭的孔结构和官能团，同时与抗生素的分子大小和极性有关。 关键词 生物炭；抗生素；吸附机理；磺胺嘧啶；四环素 ADSORPTION PROPERTIES OF ANTIVIOTICS BY WOOD-RESIDUE DERIVED BIOCHARS ABSTRACT Biochars has been well known as an environmentally-friendly multi-functional material in repairing the antibiotic pollution in soil or water. In this study, the sorption of sulfadiazine (SD) and tetracycline (TC) with biochars produced from different wood feedstock (wood and lignin), at different temperature and atmosphere, was investigated, and mechanisms of antibiotic adsorption on biochars were discussed so as to provide a theoretical basis for the development of new effective antibiotic adsorbent. The research results obtained include: (1) Adsorption isotherms showed that the adsorption properties of antibiotics SD and TC by biochars obtained at high heating treat temperature (800℃) and in mixed atmosphere were obviously better than the biochar obtained at the same conditions except in nitrogen atmosphere; (2) The adsorption properties were not only dependent on the pore structure and functional groups of biochars, but also relative to the molecular demension and polarity of antibiotics. KEY WORDS Biochars; antibiotics; adsorption mechanism; sulfadiazine; tetracycline 目 录 摘 要 I ABSTRACT II 目录 III 1.前言 1 1.1抗生素污染现状 1 1.2生物炭及其对有机物的吸附性能 2 1.2.1生物炭的特性 2 1.2.2生物炭对有机物的吸附性能 3 1.3生物炭对抗生素的吸附性能 3 1.4研究目的 4 2.实验部分 4 2.1试剂与器材 4 2.1.1主要材料与试剂 4 2.1.2主要实验器材 5 2.2生物炭的制备 5 2.2.1生物炭的制备 5 2.2.2脱碱木质素炭的酸化处理 6 2.2.3各生物炭代号 6 2.3生物炭的特性表征 6 2.3.1生物炭的元素分析 6 2.3.2生物炭的比表面积及孔结构分析 6 2.3.3生物炭的红外光谱测定 6 2.4吸附实验 7 2.4.1生物炭对磺胺嘧啶的吸附实验 7 2.4.