基于生石灰强化处理的锰渣无害化技术.doc

基于生石灰强化处理的锰渣无害化技术 罗乐1，降林华2，周皓1，段宁2 （1.重庆工程职业技术学院，重庆 402260；2.中国环境科学研究院，北京 100012） 摘要：以酸浸锰渣为对象，生石灰为添加剂，翻转浸出法提取锰渣浸出液，分析了浸出液中的污染物类型及浓度，研究了生石灰添加量、锰渣含水率、预反应时间等对锰渣无害化处理的影响及最优条件。结果表明锰渣中的主要污染物为锰和氨氮，且浓度严重超标生石灰的水化反应形成了良好的碱性环境，以物理包裹、吸附及沉淀作用，起到了很好的无害化处理效果最优的处理条件：生石灰添加量10%锰渣含水率27%预搅拌时间40 min、预静置时间72 h，锰渣浸出液中可溶性锰浓度为2.60 mg/L，锰脱除率达99.8%NH4+-N浓度为19.53 mg/L，脱除率为97.0%。 关键词：生石灰；锰渣；无害化；可溶性锰；氨氮X758；X781.1 A 文章编号：1007-7545（2017）06-0000-00 Harmless Treatment Technology of Manganese Slag Based on Quicklime LUO Le1, JIANG Lin-hua2, ZHOU Hao1, DUAN Ning2 (1. Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering, Chongqing 402260, China; 2. Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China) Abstract：Manganese slag was leached by way of overturn with quicklime as additive. Types and concentration of pollutants in lixivium were analyzed. Effects of additive amount of quicklime, moisture content of manganese slag, and pre-reaction time on harmless treatment were analyzed. The results show that water-soluble Mn2+ and NH4+-N are key pollutants with excessive concentration. Quicklime has hydration reaction with water to form good alkaline environment. Hydration reaction realizes good harmless treatment effect by physical inclusion, adsorption, and precipitation. Concentration of water-soluble Mn2+ and NH4+-N is 2.60 mg/L and 19.53 mg/L respectively with removal ratio of manganese and NH4+-N of 99.8% and 97.0% respectively under the optimum conditions including additive amount of quicklime of 10%, moisture content of manganese slag of 27%, pre-mixing time of 40 min, and pre-reaction time of 72 h. Key words：quicklime; manganese slag; harmless; soluble Mn2+; NH4+-N 锰渣电解锰行业最危险的固体污染源之一[1]。每年有近千万吨锰渣产生，绝大多数企业采取原始、粗放的堆砌方式处理锰渣，长期在风吹日晒雨淋下，大量的可溶性锰和氨氮（NH4+-N）随着地表径流和地下渗透作用，极易迁移到外环境中，造成了严重的生态环境污染[2-3]。这既造成资源了的浪费，又带来了严重的二次污染，存在巨大的潜在安全隐患和风险[4-5]。当今，锰矿的开采、冶炼及粗加工等行业是造成锰污染的重要元凶[]。环境中过量的NH4+-N会诱导水体富营养化现象的产生，造成水体中藻类植物疯狂繁殖，水质恶化；此外，在外环境中NH4+-N还存在转化成致癌的亚硝酸盐的可能，通过食物链的作用影响人畜的健康[-9]。 锰渣的存量过大、利用率偏低，导致锰渣综合处理