酸性离子-云林科技大学.ppt

Contents I. What is ionic liquid(IL)? II. Properties of ionic liquids III. Application of acidic IL Lewis acid IL Bronsted acid IL IV. Conclusion 工業上常用之酸性觸媒 1.傳統酸觸媒 : H2SO4 , AlCl3 , HF CF3SO3H, PTSA 2.固態酸觸媒 : Zeolite, H3PO4/SiO2 SO42-/ZrO2, SbF5/TiO2 3.高分子酸觸媒 : Amberlyst, Nafion 4.異多體酸觸媒 : H3PW12O40(TPA), TPA/S 5.離子液體酸觸媒: Lewis /Bronsted Acid IL Application Method of Conventional Strong Acid Catalyst (A) Lewis Acid Ionic Liquid (Water-sensitive, Biphasic System) (B) Bronsted Acid Ionic Liquid (Water-tolerable, Biphasic System) (C) Bronsted Acid Ionic Liquid/ Solid (Water-tolerable, Biphasic System) What is ionic liquid (IL)? ILs are salts composed entirely of ions, typically large organic cations and small anions, they are liquids at low temperature(100℃). ILs have been known since 1914, but have only been investigated as acid and transition metal catalysis for 20 years(chloroaluminate IL). IL catalysis can be carried out in biphasic system with easy recovery of homogeneous catalyst and product separation. ILs have no detectable vapor pressure and do not emit VOC, providing a basis for clean manufacturing---”Green Chemistry”. Properties of Ionic Liquids Low Vapor Pressure Thermal Stability (up to 300~400℃) Immiscible with Some Organic Solvents Polarity and Hydrophilicity/Lipophilicity (Adjustable) Superacidity of Chloroaluminate (H0= -18) (Adjustable) Characteristics of Ionic Liquids Melting Points with Different Anions Asymmetry explains the low melting point (D)Acidity and Coordination Ability AlCl3 AlCl3 Cl - AlCl4-