房屋建筑施工质量验收规范摘录(国外英文资料).docVIP

房屋建筑施工质量验收规范摘录 Chapter 6 market theory The case is the end of Pan Am Competitive market theory tells us that in the short term, companies will continue to operate as long as the market price is greater than the average variable cost. But the state of the companys losses will force it to adjust the size of the market through asset disposals, and if it does not turn around, companies may pull out of the industry. Lets take a look at a real example. On December 4, 1991, a notable day, the worlds famous Pan-American international airlines died. The company has kept the international airline giants achievements for decades since it was launched in 1927. Some even argue that PAN AM, the Pan-American brand, is perhaps the most widely known corporate logo in the world. But for people familiar with the people, the death of the giant is startling news: 1980-1991, except for one year, pan American company losses every year totaled nearly $2 billion. In January 1991, the company officially declared bankruptcy. After a first loss in 1980, why dont you stop the business of the company, what factors enable the company to losses for 12 consecutive years? From an economic point of view, this is the result of the market model of the market supply and demand curve. Variable cost is the cost of the changes over the scale of production, with the mode of enterprises in and out, as long as companies can come up with a higher than average variable cost price and accept for customers, so regardless of whether the price is lower than the average market price will lead to enterprise losses, this business is the economic sense, also can continue to exist. Of course, businesses need to sell their assets to stay afloat if they want to continue operating under losses. Pan American has accumulated huge asset wealth in its decades-long success, enough to sell for a while. Since the 1980 s, the company has sold a lot of big property, including $400 million to sell the Pan Am building to the metropol