模块ⅠUnit语法.pptVIP

时态和语态 一、时态用法一览表 二、被动语态构成一览表(以do为例) 三、主动语态表示被动用法一览表 【温馨提示】　主动语态变为被动语态应注意： 1．句子谓语为give，send，show，lend，pay，tell，hand，bring，get，make，leave，pass等后面接双宾语动词时，变其中一个宾语为主语，多将表示人的间接宾语改为主语，也可将表示物的直接宾语改为主语，间接宾语之前通常加介词to或for。 2．短语动词改为被动语态时，短语中的副词或介词不可丢。 3．有些动词在主动语态中后接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语，在改为被动语态时，不定式符号to不能省略。 4．“get＋过去分词”可以表示被动，此结构比较口语化。 We were shown all kinds of kites she had made. All kinds of kites she had made were shown to us. The poor are taken good care of by the government. A bird was seen to fly into the window. She got married last week. The patient got treated once a week. ◆ 巩固练习 ◆ 1．(2010·辽宁高考)I ________all the cooking for my family，but recently Ive been too busy to do it. A．will do　　　 B．do C．am doing D．had done 【解析】　句意：通常由我来为家人做饭，但是因为最近很忙，所以我没时间做。第一句陈述事实，因而应使用一般现在时。 【答案】　B 2．(2010·菏泽调研)Excuse me，I ________ he didnt know English. A．didnt realize B．dont realize C．havent realized D．wasnt realizing 【解析】　结合语境，后文叙述的是过去的情况，表示说话之前没有意识到他不懂英语，所以用一般过去时。 【答案】　A 3．(2010·上海高考)The church tower which ________ will be open to tourists soon.The work is almost finished. A．has restored B．has been restored C．is restoring D．is being restored 【解析】　restore意思为“修复”，而后一句表明工程还未完成，因此为“正在修复中”，因而用现在进行时的被动语态。 【答案】　D 4．(2010·湖南高考)I walked slowly through the market，where people ________ all kinds of fruits and vegetables.I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed. A．sell B．were selling C．had sold D．have sold 【解析】　根据“I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed”的提示可判断此处表示“人们当时正在出售各种水果和蔬菜”，即表示过去某时正在发生的动作，故选B。 【答案】　B 5．(2010·山东高考)Up to now，the program ________thousands of children who would otherwise have died. A．would saved B．saves C．had saved D．has saved 【解析】　句意：截止到现在，这个项目已经挽救了成千上万的本来会死去的孩子的生命。up to now是现在完成时的标志，所以空格处使用现在完成时。 【答案】　D 6．(2010·江苏高考)—Why，Jack，you look so tired! —Well，I ________the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. A．was painting B．will be painting C．have painted D．have been painting 【解析】　答句句意：我给房子上油漆一直进行到现在，而且到明天必