外科学简史.pdf

外科学简史 外科学简史 张策 zhangcett@ 南方医科大学南方医院普通外科 外科学 概念 Page 2 What is SURGERY? Surgery (cheirourgikē) = hand Surgery (cheir) + work (ergon) – A medical specialty – Operative manual and instrumental techniques – Patient – Investigate treat a pathological condition – Improve bodily function or appearance or sometimes for some other reason Page 3 What is OPERATION? n. OPERATION – An act of performing surgery, also surgical procedure, or simply surgery. v. OPERATING – Performing surgery. adj. SURGICAL – Pertaining to surgery; e.g. surgical instruments or surgical nurse. n. SURGICAL PATIENT – The patient or subject on which the surgery is performed can be a person or an animal. Page 4 What is SURGEON? SURGEON – A person who performs operations on patients. – Persons described as surgeons are commonly medical practitioners, but the term is also applied to podiatric physicians, dentists and veterinarians. Page 5 外科的历史? 外科学 历史 人类的历史！ Page 6 古代 古代 Page 7 古代的外科事件 Age Affair Source 6000 BC Stone needle - wound healing China (Paleolithic) 5000 BC Stone needle – carbuncle China (Neolithic) 3500 BC Doctor - war injury Mesopotamia 3400 BC Mummy Egypt 1300 BC Terms of anatomy disease (decayed tooth, China scabies) in oracle bone inscriptions 1066-400 BC Medical branch – ulcer China (Chou dynasty) 950 BC Superstitions in injury Homers Iliad 685 BC