共沸精馏的收敛问题.docxVIP

共沸精馏过程的模拟比较麻烦，主要问题是模拟过程中可能存在多稳态，也就是进料一定的情况下，规定好塔顶采出量和塔釜采出量的话，可能存在多个（至少是两个）稳定太，模拟起来就比较麻烦。模拟时如果初始值给定的不合适，算法在收敛时将得不到你想要的结果，因为相应的收率变量与目标值不是单调的变化，这样常用的优化算法就无法得到你所要的，这也是为什么共沸精馏过程收率难的问题。要想利用模拟软件模拟好共沸精馏过程想要模拟者对相应的精馏过程有相对清楚的了解，大概的温度分布，流量，或关键组分在塔内的分布等。如果是非均相的共沸精馏更麻烦，模拟时要了解塔顶的共沸物组成情况，根据进料和塔釜组成情况计算出塔顶共沸剂要带出的组分需要多少共沸物。如果这个共沸剂是这个系统的稳定点，也就是沸点最大的点，共沸物加多了将下降到塔釜，造成共沸剂的损失，如果??入的少了，应该带出的组分有没有全部带出，塔釜会不合格。因此，如果初次模拟共沸精馏，先不要着急，先动手分析一下系统内存在多少共沸物，都是那一类的，均相的还是非均相的，模拟要求的塔顶组成是多少，塔釜组成是多少，最好能通过三相图来分析一下，相应的精馏曲线的形状，这样后面模拟起来出现问题也好分析，有利于早日得到所希望的结果。千万不要着急，像简单的轻烃分离一样，输入组分，选择物性，规定好物流和塔模型就可以自动收敛了，遇到问题就无从下手，最后祝好运了。 What is a tear stream?When Aspen Plus is running in the traditional Sequential Modular mode, any recycle streams will be solved iteratively. Aspen Plus selects tear streams for these iterations. The iterations start with the tear stream(s). If the user has initialised the tear stream, these flows, T P will be used as the starting point, otherwise the calculation will start with zero values. Hence it is important to initialise tear streams because the model may not converge if starts from zero.After the first iteration a new value for the tear stream will have been calculated. This new value is compared with previous starting value. If the average difference in all of the variables (component flows, temperature etc) is less than the tolerance then it has converged. Of course, it normally does not converge after a single iteration so this process is repeated. The second iteration begins with the tear stream values from the first iteration. After a couple of iterations, the convergence method (e.g. Wegstein or Broyden) tries to accelerate the convergence by comparing the difference between the last 2 iterations and then calculating better starting values for the next iteration.Normally Aspen Plus determines which streams are tear streams. It attempts to minimize the number of tear streams. Consider the process above. Nominally there are 2 recycle streams, S6 S7. However, Aspen Plus will