第七届工程地质大会论文79.docVIP

云岗石窟立柱岩体安全性定量评价 晏鄂川 方 云 （中国地质大学工程学院，武汉，430074） 摘 要：千余年来，云岗石窟遭受了严重的渗水病害，同时，因构造节理和卸荷裂隙的切割，降低了石窟的立柱岩体稳定性，其中的第9#、10#、12#窟的窟前立柱岩体风化严重，已威胁到石窟安全，需及时采取措施进行加固。作者通过现场勘察和病害调查，采取岩样和水样进行测试分析，并对石窟岩体进行了三维计算机数值模拟分析，其目的是查明石柱承受荷载的大小及应力分布情况、石柱岩体的强度及安全系数、评价立柱岩体的稳定性，为石窟防治和加固设计提供科学依据。研究表明，在9-10#和12#窟立柱岩体顶部的压应力分别由成窟前的0.45MPa、0.44MPa增加至成窟后的1.29～1.31MPa和0.94～0.96MPa， 分别增大了近3倍和2倍以上；荷载最大值在第10#窟的④号柱的上部，达3741kN；立柱岩体的极限单轴抗压强度为1.95MPa；按现行规范的要求，六根岩体立柱都处于不安全状态，必须对9#、10#、12#窟进行立柱加固整治。 关键词：石窟 立柱岩体 安全性 抗压强度 柱顶荷载 Quantitative evaluation on the safety of the column rockmass in Yun-Gang Grotto Yan E-chuan Fang Yun (Engineering Faculty, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074) Abstract: During the past thousand years, Yun-gang Grotto has suffered a lot from the seepage hazard, and at the same time, the establishing column rocks stability of the grotto has reduced because of the dissected by the tectonic joint and unload crack. The weathering effect on the establishing column rock in front of grotto 9, grotto 10 and grotto 12 is the most serious. The stability of the columns has great effect on the safety of grotto, so relative reinforcing measures should be taken as soon as possible. The author has carried out site investigation and hazard research, some rock and water samples had been taken, and relative testing had also been carried out. Three-dimensional numerical simulation has been used to find out the load forced on the column. And the stress distributions, strength and safety factors of the column rock have also been researched. All these work gave scientific evidence for the grotto’s prevention and reinforcement designing. Research result shows that, the pressure-stress on the top of the column rock of grotto 9, grotto 10 and grotto 12 have been changed from 0.45MPa, 0.44MPa (before the grotto is shaped) to 1.29-1.31MPa, 0.94-0.96MPa (after the grotto is shaped), which has increased to 2-3 times of the original stress. The biggest load was on the top of column ④ in grotto 10, wh