元素周期表规律(国外英文资料).docVIP

元素周期表规律(国外英文资料) 1 the atomic radius (1) in addition to period 1, the atomic radius of other periodic elements (except for the inert gas elements) decreases with the number of atomic Numbers. (2) the atomic radius increases with the number of electrons, from top to bottom. Note: the atomic radius is anomalous in the IVB group and in the subsequent subgroup elements. From titanium to zirconium, the atomic radius of the atom increases regularly, which is mainly caused by increasing the number of electronic layers. From zirconium and hafnium, however, even if it adds a shell, but the radius decreases, which is before and their corresponding gens is element yttrium lanthanum, atomic radius is regularly also increase increase (shell). From among lanthanum to hafnium, however, has experienced 14 of lanthanide elements, because the shell number has not changed, along with a slight increase in effective nuclear charge number tensing and atomic radius, this phenomenon is called lanthanide contraction. The result of the lanthanide contraction offset from the arrival of the electronic increase in the number of the zirconium and hafnium with atomic radius should be increased, the influence of the atomic radius of hafnium rather smaller than zirconium abnormal phenomenon. 2 elements change the law (1) in addition to the first period, each cycle is gradually transitioned to non-metallic elements by metal elements, which end up with a rare gas element. (2) the chemical properties of each group are similar 3 element valence (1) in addition to the first cycle, cycle from left to right, with increasing by alkali metal element onium + 1 to + 7, negative price nonmetallic elements by increasing carbon group - 4 to 1 (oxygen fluorine could not positive, no price + 6, except), a stepwise variation. (2) the highest and negative prices of the elements of the same family are the same. (3) all single qualities are shown to be zero. 4 the melting point of elemental (1) the same period element