第38届化学ICHO答案双语.doc

The mass of a water droplet: 水滴的质量: m = V ρ = [(4/3) π r3] ρ = (4/3) π (0.5x10-6 m)3 (1.0 g/cm3) m = Vρ=((4/3)πr3)ρ=(4/3)π(0.5 x10-6 m)3(1.0克/立方厘米) 10 marks(= 5.2x10-16 kg 10标志(= 5.2 x10-16公斤 Average kinetic energy at 27oC: 平均动能在27摄氏度: KE = mv2/2 = (5.2x10-16 kg) (0.51x10-2 m/s)2/2 柯= mv2/2 =(5.2 x10-16公斤)(0.51 x10-2 m / s)2/2 15 marks(= 6.9x10-21 kg m2/s2 = 6.9 x10-21 J 15标志(= x10-21公斤6.9平方米/ s2 = 6.9 x10-21 J 1.21-2. 1.21 - 2。 The average kinetic energy of an argon atom is the same as that of a water droplet. 氩原子的平均动能一样的水滴。 KE becomes zero at –273 oC. 柯变为0 -273 oC。 From the linear relationship in the figure, KE = aT (absolute temperature) 从图中的线性关系,柯=在(绝对温度) where a is the increase in kinetic energy of an argon atom per degree. 一个是氩原子的动能的增加程度。 25 marks(a = KE/T = 6.9x10-21 J/(27+273K) = 2.3x10-23 J/K 25分(=柯/ T = 6.9 x10-21 J /(27 + 273 K)= 2.3 x10-23 J / K S: specific heat of argon N: number of atoms in 1g of argon S:比热氩N:1 g的氩原子的数量 S = 0.31 J/g K = a x N S = 0.31 J / g K = x N N = S/a = (0.31 J/g K) / (2.3x10-23 J/K) N = S / =(0.31 J K / g)/(2.3 x10-23 J / K) 30 marks(= 1.4x1022 30分(= 1.4 x1022 Avogadro’s number (NA) : Number of argon atoms in 40 g of argon 阿伏加德罗氏数(NA):40 g的氩氩原子的数量 NA = (40)(1.4x1022) NA =(40)(1.4 x1022) 20 marks(= 5.6 x1023 20分(= 5.6 x1023 30 marks(2-1. 30标志(2 - 1。 mass of a typical star = (4/3)(3.1)(7x108 m)3(1.4 g/10-6 m3) = 2×1033 g 典型的恒星质量=(4/3)(3.1)(7 x108 m)3(1.4克/ 10 - 6立方米)= 2×1033 g mass of protons of a typical star = (2×1033 g)(3/4 + 1/8) = 1.8×1033 g 质子的质量的一个典型的明星=(2×1033 g)(3/4 + 1/8)= 1.8×1033 g number of protons of a typical star = (1.8×1033 g)(6×1023/g) = 1×1057 一个典型的明星的质子数=(1.8×1033 g)(6×1023 / g)= 1×1057 number of stellar protons in the universe = (1×1057)(1023) = 1×1080 宇宙中的恒星质子的数量=(1×1057)(1023)= 1×1080 Partial credits on principles: 部分信用原则: Volume = (4/3)(3.14)radius3×density; 4 marks 卷=(4/3)(3.14)radius3×密度;4 1 mole = 6×1023; 4 marks 1摩尔= 6×1023;4 Total number of protons in the universe = number of protons in a st