澳大利亚政治体系 英美概况.pptVIP

Australia The Australia Constitution The Australia Constitution came into effect when the six colonies federated to form the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901. Parliament（议会） The Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia consists of two chambers: ① the House of Representatives ② the Senate. The Executive It consists of the Prime Minister and other members of the ministry. The cabinet ,which is made up of the most senior and experienced ministers, is the major decision-making body in the government. three-tier system of government Australia federation has a three-tier system of government : The federal parliament and government Six State parliaments and governments About 900 local governments Political Parties Australian Labour Party(澳大利亚工党) Liberal Party(自由党) National Party（国家党） Political Parties Australian Labour Party(工党） Founded in 1891 The biggest party in Australlia Liberal Party(自由党) Founded in 1944 In behalf of the businessmen Last reign ended in 2007 National Party（国家党） Founded in 1918 In behalf of the farmers Election and Voting Elections for both chambers are normally held every three years, simultaneously; senators have overlapping six-year terms except for those from the territories, who only have three-year terms Thus only 40 of the 76 places in the Senate are put to each election unless the cycle is interrupted by a double dissolution. Election and Voting Voting is compulsory for all enrolled citizens 18 years and over, in each state and territory and at the federal level. Enrolment to vote is compulsory in all jurisdictions except South Australia. The Judiciary（司法制度） It includes the High Court of Australia (the most superior), the Federal Court of Australia (established in 1977 ) the Family Court of Australia dealing with marriage problems. The Legislative Branch The Australian Federal Parliament consists of The Queen (Governor-General) The Senate The House of Representatives. Thank you * * The constitution ca