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英语语法总结2011.02.4
高中英语所有语法(1)表语从句1. 定义:用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。2. 构成:关联词+简单句3. 引导表语从句的关联词的种类:(1) 从属连词that。如:The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。(2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如:He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。注:从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句,但as if却可引导表语从句,如:All this was over twenty years ago, but its as if it was only yesterday.这都是20多年前的事了,但宛如昨天一样。能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如:It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever连接副词 where, when, how, why。如:The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
解释:1. 连词because可引导表语从句。如:I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。2. 在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示,should可省略。如:My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
(2)主语从句
1. 定义:用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。2. 构成:关联词+简单句3. 引导主语从句的关联词有三类:(1) 从属连词that。 如:That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.很明显,她们确是亲姐妹,她们的脸型很相似。(2) 从属连词whether。如:Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。(3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever连接副词 where, when, how, why。如:What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。
解释:1. 主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有:A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如:It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句。如:It’s a pity that we can’t go. 很遗憾我们不能去。It’s no surpr
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