第5章 混凝土溢流坝和坝身泄水孔(国外英文资料).docVIP

第5章 混凝土溢流坝和坝身泄水孔(国外英文资料) Chapter v the concrete overflow dam and the drainage hole of the dam Section 1 overview The dam body has the overflow surface, the bottom hole, the middle holes gravity dam is called the drainwater gravity dam. It is both a drainage and a water block. So it must meet the requirements of the stability of the water retaining structure strength, should also meet good flow condition, the solution or water to buildings possible cavitation erosion, the vibration as well as to the downstream scouring. 1, the drainage way of the water gravity dam The top of the dam is overflow Through water on the top of the dam, the water head is small and the aperture size can be large. When the gate is fully open, the flow rate is directly proportional to the third of the water head The gate is open and convenient to check for repairs. It can drain ice and other flotsam, but it cant be predicted. Large orifice overflow To reduce the height of the dam in order to meet the pre-release requirements; Use the chest wall to prevent water from reducing the gate height; In low water, the chest wall does not affect the discharge flow, the same as the barrier discharge. The chest wall can be made into movable type. When the water level is low, no water supply and no maintenance can be found. Deep drain hole The flow state of the hole can be divided into the pressure leakage hole and the non-pressure drain hole The flow rate is proportional to the half of the water head, and the excess capacity is small. The water head is high in the floodgate, and the operation and maintenance are complicated. The water supply, pre-release, discharge, discharge and construction of downstream water supply; The above three ways have distinguishing feature each, comparing should be combined with the specific circumstances, can generally be used, but to simplify the structure, convenient for construction and utilization, unfavorable and overmuch. Section 2 concrete overflow dam The determinat