河南灵宝三中高三一轮复习导学案3：u13-l1eqiq(grammarpastparticiple)（北师大版必修5）.docVIP

Part One: 讲解 一、过去分词的定义及基本形式 1．过去分词是动词的一种非谓语形式，它兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征，表示完成或被动意义 2．过去分词的基本形式是：动词＋-ed，但也有不规则形式 二、句法功能：过去分词(短语)在句中可以作定语、状语、宾语补足语或表语 1．作定语 过去分词作定语时，如果是单个单词，一般放在被修饰词的前面；如果是短语，则放在被修饰词的后面，此时相当于一个定语从句。如： There are many fallen leaves on the ground.地上有许多落叶 This is a book written by a peasant.这是一本农民写的书。 2．作状语 过去分词(短语)作状语表示原因、时间、条件、让步、伴随等。如： The children soon fell asleep, exhausted by the journey.( 表原因) 由于旅途劳累， 孩子们很快就睡着了 When offered help, one often says “Thank you.” or “Its kindof you.”(表时间) 当接受别人帮助时，人们常会说“谢谢”或“你真好”。 Given more time, we could do it much better.(表条件)多给点时间， 我们会做得更好。 Beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouragedand practiced even harder.(表让步) 虽然被对方打败， 但队员们没有泄气， 反而更加刻苦训练。 The woman scientist entered the lab, followed by her assistants.(表伴随) 那位女科学家走进实验室， 后面跟着她的助手们。 3．作宾语补足语 过去分词(短语)可以在 see, hear, notice, watch, keep, find, get,have, feel, make 等动词后与名词(或代词)构成复合宾语。过去分词作宾语补足语时，与宾语构成动宾关系。如： I often hear the song sung in English.我常听人用英语唱这首歌 I must get my bike repaired.我必须请人修理自行车。 4．作表语 作表语的过去分词(短语)多表示主语的内心感受或所处的状态。如： I was pleased at the news.听了这个消息我很高兴。 The door remained locked.门仍然锁着。 注意：过去分词作表语时，相当于形容词，常见的有：delighted,disappointed, discouraged, amused, astonished, interested, crowded, tired, satisfied, pleased, surprised, worried, excited, married, puzzled 等。 Part Two: 练习 练习一：下列句子中哪个过去分词是今天学的非谓语的用法？ 1. The cured(治愈) animal will be sent back to the wild. ① ② 2. He had to have his door unlocked(开锁)because he had lost his key. ③ ④ 练习二: 完成下列句子。 例: Peter will have his car repaired after work. (repair his car) Remember: He doesn’t do it himself. 1. Joe usually washes his car himself. But he broke his arm yesterday, so he decides to ________________ this weekend. (wash the car) 2. Tom takes good care of his teeth and he____________________ every year. (examine his teeth) 3. To welcome the Beijing Olympics, the city government ___________________along the roads. (plant many trees) 4. She is so bus