急症手术的扩容治疗(国外英文资料).docVIP

急症手术的扩容治疗(国外英文资料)The expansion of patients with emergency surgeryEmergency surgery patients due to blood loss, trauma, or infection, characterized by severe hemodynamic disorder and water electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders, their common pathological physiology change to effectively cut in blood circulation and microcirculation disorder, for such patients early fluid therapy is very important. The proper infusion can improve the patients circulation, and the patients ability to endure surgery and anesthesia is an important part of the life and death of the patient.? ? First, establish a vein passage as soon as possible? ? Intravenous channels are the main route for emergency transfusion, so anesthesiologists must be skilled in all kinds of intravenous techniques. In order to ensure the fluid speed, the internal diameter of the needle should be selected. 16 (G) of intravenous puncture needle infusion rate of 180 ml/min, 14 (G) needle infusion rate of 270 ml/min, so should choose as far as possible for acute hemorrhage patients 16 and 14 G intravenous puncture needle, and set up two or more of the intravenous route. The puncture site emphasizes the preferred upper limb vein, because the upper extremities are easily controlled and administered by the anesthesiologist. The fluid enters the lower limb vein (the lower extremity is a contraction of the lower extremities); The blood flow in the lower extremities is relatively slow and the incidence of venous inflammation is relatively high. It is not good for the future coronary artery bypass (CABG). For critically ill patients and central vein, tube center vein pipe also should choose larger diameter pipe (7 fr or 14 g), not only can rapid blood transfusion rehydration, still can use the determination of central venous pressure regulating infusion speed and quantity of the input at any time. At present, the intravenous or jugular intravenous line is used.? ? The choice of fluid? Patients with emergency surgery have