发病机制Toll样受体在心血管的疾病.pdf

review /clinicalpractice/cardio Mechanisms of Disease: Toll-like receptors in cardiovascular disease Stefan Frantz*, Georg Ertl and Johann Bauersachs SUMMA rY Continuing Medical Education online Medscape, LLC is pleased to provide online continuing The innate immune system detects highly conserved, relatively invariant medical education (CME) for this journal article, structural motifs of pathogens. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been allowing clinicians the opportunity to earn CME credit. identified as the primary innate immune receptors. TLRs distinguish Medscape, LLC is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to between different patterns of pathogens and activate a rapid innate provide CME for physicians. Medscape, LLC designates immune response; however, TLRs can also be activated by host-derived this educational activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA molecules. In addition to being expressed in immune cells, TLRs are Category 1 CreditsTM. Physicians should only claim credit expressed in other tissues, such as those of the cardiovascular system. TLRs commensurate with the extent of their participation in the could, therefore, be a key link between cardiovascular disease development activity. All other clinicians completing this activity will be issued a certificate of participation. To receive credit, and the