名词性从句单复习.ppt

名词性从句 主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句（同位语从句） 引导词为 what（ever），which（ever），who（ever），whom（ever），whose，that，when（ever），where（ever），why，because，how（ever） how+（many，much，long。。。）等等 注意：that在从句中不充当成分以及意义，宾从中可以省略，但主从，表从不可省略。 遵循原则 时态： 1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。 2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。 3.主句用过去时，从句是真理时，只用一般现在时。 语序：陈述语序 注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他 I don’t know who broke the window. * 问句中 What is wrong?或者What is the matter?不用改变语序。 I don’t know what’s wrong/the matter? 宾语从句 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类: 动词的宾语从句 I think that you are right . He told me that he wanted to go abroad. 介词的宾语从句 They were talking about what the would do the next day. 形容词的宾语从句 I am afraid that she is right. 注意：可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句 动词find, feel, consider, make, believe，think等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置. I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day . 表语从句 表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。 系动词有： 1: be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were) 2: feel , seem , look, appear ,sound, taste , smell (that ；as if/though) 3: stand , lie , remain ,keep, stay 4: become ,get , grow , turn ,go ,come, run, fall 5: prove, turn out 注意：whether在表语从句中表“是否”,但不充当句子的成分。if不能引导表语从句.如: The question is whether it is worth doing. 注意：that, why?与?because?引导表语从句时的区别  虽然三者均可引导表语从句，但?that?没有词义，而?why?和?because?有自己的意思；另外，虽然?why和?because?都可引导表语从句，但前者强调结果，后者强调原因。如： The reason was that you don’t trust her.?原因是你不信任她。 He was ill. That’s why he was sent to the hospital.?他病了，所以被送到医院来。 He was sent to the hospital. That’s because he was ill.?他被送到医院，是因为他生病了。 注意 ：reason 做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导, 不能用why 引导。句型结构为： The reason (why…/for…)is /was that…. The reason is that…… 主语从句 主语从句是主语部分是个句子的从句。 That I don’t like him is known to all. (That 不可省略) 注意：主语从句不能将if放句首 Whether he is right is none of your business. If he is right is none of your business. It is none of your business whether/if he is right. 可运用形式主语it代替的主语从句 it 做形式主语的主语从句 　it is + adj + 引导词＋从句 　it is + n + 引导词＋从句 　it is + Ved + 引导词＋从句 It is still a question whether / if he will come It is unknown which team will