国际环境标准手册Chap7.pdfVIP

7 Guiding Principles and Practices for Business CONTENTS Introduction Bellagio Principles CERES Principles Responsible Care International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), World Business Organization The PERI Guidelines World Federation of Engineering Organizations, Code of Ethics INTRODUCTION Tremendous environmental improvements have been realized over the past three decades through national and international legislation. However, those improvements have recently slowed and have been comparatively small. To improve the condition of the environment beyond what the regulatory structure can provide requires economic drivers for business. Companies, with the help of industry groups and strong corporate environmental commitments, have parlayed consumer interest in environmental protection into business opportunities. Guiding principles and codes of practice have been developed over the past eight to ten years by a variety of organizations for use by business and industry to improve environmental performance and promote sustainable development, includ- ing associations representing industries such as chemical manufacturing, agricultural, petroleum and energy, paper, travel and tourism, and engineering. Other programs have been developed by nongovernmental and economic organizations; environmental and business groups have also devel- oped recommendations. These voluntary guidelines address environmental management, sustain- ability, environmental reporting, environmental and product stewardship, pollution prevention, and response to emergencies. They are designed to promote sustainable business practices and have been adopted by hundreds of companies worldwide. Some of these guiding principles include • Bellagio Principles • Berlin Guidelines (mining and environment guidelines) • CERES Principles • Charter for Environmental Action in the International