国际环境标准手册Chap9.pdf

9 Environmental Management Systems CONTENTS Introduction to Environmental Management Systems (EMS) ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems Eco-Management and Audit Scheme, EU Directive British National Standard, BS 7750, British Standards Institution (BSI) Environmental Auditing U.S. Regulatory Policy Toward EMSs and ISO 14001 Major Federal Agency EMS/ISO Initiatives EPA Position Statement on Environmental Management Systems and ISO14001 and a Request for Comments on the Nature of the Data to be Collected from Environmental Management System ISO14001 Pilots Important Organizations and Terms for Environmental Management Systems (terms from ISO 14001) Agencies and Organizations Conducting EMS Activities Sources of Additional Information “Organisations of all kinds are increasingly concerned to achieve and demonstrate sound environmental performance. They do so in the context of increasingly stringent legislation, the development of economic and other measures to foster environmental protection, and a general growth of concern about environmental affairs.” BS 7750 EMS Standard INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (EMS) With scientific data supporting a greater demand on environmental protection and increased public awareness and participation, instruments to protect the environment have steadily grown. Much progress has been achieved. However, as Lester Brown writes in State of the World 1998: “While economic indicators such as investment, production and trade are consistently positive, the key environmental indicators are increasingly negative.” To accomplish additional improvements in environmental quality, instruments beyond regulatory requirements are necessary. The EMS can provide the change industri