非谓语动词之现在分词与过去分词区别.docVIP

非谓语动词之“现在分词”的用法 现在分词由“动词原形+ing”构成，具有动词的特点，在句中可作宾语补足语，定语，状语。 一、作宾语补足语。（有“主动”的意思）感官动词后可用现在分词作宾语补足语。感官动词有：一 感。（feel）二 听。（hear，listen to）四 看。（see，watch，notice，find） 如：I heard the girl singing an English song when I came into the room. 例题：1.-Do you often find Tom （play）on the playground after school ？ -Yes，and I found him （play）on the playground just now . 2. – Do you often see Mary （draw）picture in her room ？ - Yes，and she was seen （draw）a horse just now. 区别：现在分词作宾补表示宾语动作的瞬间，省to不定式作宾补表示宾语动作的过程。 补充：keep sb doing sth 使某人干某事，stop sb doing sth 阻止某人干某事 二、作定语。（有“主动”的意思） 1、There is a girl singing an English song in the room. 有个女孩在房间里唱英文歌。 2、The man wearing a black coat may be Lucy’s father . 穿着黑色外套的那个男子可能是Lucy 的爸爸。 例题：1、This is the best way （solve）the problem. 2、I know the woman （wait）at the bus stop. 区别：现在分词作定语有被修饰的人“正在做某事”的意思，但动词不定式没有。 三、作状语。（有“主动”的意思） 1、The students came into the classroom ，singing and talking.（表伴随）学生们说唱着走进来。 2、Hearing the words ， his face turns red. （表时间）听到这些话，他的脸变红了。 3、Being a Party member，she always does her best to do everything.（表原因）作为党员，她总是尽力做一切事情。 例题：Many people hate advertisements, (say) that they make the cities and countries ugly. 非谓语动词之“过去分词”的用法 过去分词具有动词的特点，在句中可作宾语补足语，定语等。 作宾语补足语（有被动意思） Students shouldn’t get their ears pierced. 学生们不应该打耳洞。（使耳朵被穿刺） I will have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我将理发。（使头发被理）（cut是过去分词） 3、Have you made the trees watered ？你已让某人浇树了吗？（使树被浇了吗） 区别： have 和make用法：使某人干某事 have/make sb do sth 使某事被干 have/make sth done get用法：使某人干某事 get sb to do sth 使某事被干 get sth done 例题：1、-Have you had the flowers yet？ -Yes，I had someone them yesterday . A. water，water B watered，watered C water，watered D watered，water 2、-In America， can you understand the native speakers？ -yes， but I can’t myself .. A understand B understood C to understand D understandi