中国人民大学组织行为学经典课件第五章——知觉与个人决策.ppt

? 2005 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–* Organizational Constraints on Decision Makers Performance Evaluation Evaluation criteria influence the choice of actions. Reward Systems Decision makers make action choices that are favored by the organization. Formal Regulations Organizational rules and policies limit the alternative choices of decision makers. System-imposed Time Constraints Organizations require decisions by specific deadlines. Historical Precedents Past decisions influence current decisions. ? 2005 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–* Cultural Differences in Decision Making Problems selected Time orientation Importance of logic and rationality Belief in the ability of people to solve problems Preference for collect decision making ? 2005 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–* Ethics in Decision Making Ethical Decision Criteria Utilitarianism Seeking the greatest good for the greatest number. Rights Respecting and protecting basic rights of individuals such as whistleblowers. Justice Imposing and enforcing rules fairly and impartially. ? 2005 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–* Ethics in Decision Making Ethics and National Culture There are no global ethical standards. The ethical principles of global organizations that reflect and respect local cultural norms are necessary for high standards and consistent practices. ? 2005 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. 5–* Ways to Improve Decision Making Analyze the situation and adjust your decision making style to fit the situation. Be aware of biases and try to limit their impact. Combine rational analysis with intuition to increase decision-making effectiveness. Don’t assume that your specific decision style is appropriate to every situation. Enhance personal creativity by looking for novel solutions or seeing problems in new ways, and using analogies. * * * * * This material is found on page 52. ? 2005 Prentice Hall Inc. All rights reserved. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR S T E P H