隧道上方深基坑卸载(Tunnel complex unloaded by a deep excavation).pdfVIP

Computers and Geotechnics 28 (2001) 469–493 /locate/compgeo Tunnel complex unloaded by a deep excavation Marta Dolezˇ alova *´ Dolexpert-Geotechnika, Nad Belvederem 3, 148 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic Received 24 July 2000; received in revised form 15 December 2000; accepted 5 February 2001 Abstract This paper examines the effect o fa deep open excavation for an office block on the under- lying tunnel complex in the centre o fPrague, which was analysed using 2D FEM models. In order to get a proper reference state before excavation, the whole process o fconstruction o fthe tunnels was modelled and deformation and stress changes induced by open excavation predicted. Bearing capacity, distortion and watertightness o funderground structures were then evaluated and recommendations concerning the construction rate and monitoring program given. A good agreement between the pure prediction o ftunnel distortion produced by FEM and the measure- ments undertaken during excavation o fthe pit and construction o fthe office block was obtained. # 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Tunnel complex; Open excavation; Pure prediction; FEM; Field measurements; Stress path analysis 1. Introduction A tunnel complex consisting o fthree railway tunnels at the first level (depth above the crown 20 m) and two tunnels o fthe Prague underground at the second level (depth above the crown 35 m) had to be unloaded by a deep excavation (12.7 m) for an office block with an underground garage. The site belonged to the protected area o fthe Czech Railways, where the first, one-track railway tunnel was built in 1869, the second, double-track tunnel in 1944 and the last tunnel forked into two