一篇关于汶川地震地表塌陷的文章.pdfVIP

Bull Eng Geol Environ DOI 10.1007/s10064-009-0223-0 ORIGINAL PAPER Discussion on causes of ground collapse pits in the foothill belt of Longmen Mountain after 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake X. Yao Æ D. G. Wen Æ F. C. Dai Æ Y. S. Zhang Received: 15 December 2008 / Accepted: 15 June 2009 Springer-Verlag 2009 Abstract Some 20 days after Wenchuan Earthquake, Introduction more than 50 collapse pits occurred successively in Lijiayuanzhi, Sichuan Province, China. This paper consid- About 20 days after the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan Earth- ered the possible reasons for the occurrence of this cluster of quake in Sichuan Province, China, when the main geo- collapses which occurred in alluvial deposits overlying logical hazards investigations had ended, more than 50 Jurassic conglomerates with a calcareous cement. It is round ground collapse pits occurred in succession in considered that cavities were formed in the bedrock over Lijiayuanzhi Village, to the southeast of Anchang Town, geological time and that the sudden vibrations associated Anxian County, and some 120 km from the earthquake with the earthquake may well have caused some further epicentre (Fig. 1). The pits ranged in diameter from half a collapse of the conglomerates in the roofs of the cavities. metre to more than 10 m in the silty clay topsoil and were During the aftershocks, which occurred over a period of distributed in farmland, residential areas and along rivers. some 18 days, the overlying alluvium would have suffered The local villagers observed two types of development. A cyclic stresses such that it became unstable and collapses few small-scale (Fig. 2a, b) pits were sudden surface col- occurred. Extrapolation of a previously unmapped f