Chapter3_Three-Phase_Circuits.ppt

CHAPTER 3 THREE-PHASE CIRCUITS (三相电路 ) 1. Introduction (3).The phase sequence is the time order in which the voltages pass through their respective maximum values. (相序) (2) 负载Y形联结三相电路的计算 例1： 例3：照明系统故障分析 结论 3.3 POWER IN THREE-PHASE CIRCUIT 1. Average Power In A Balanced System 例: 2) 中性线断开 变为单相电路，如图(b) 所示, 由图可求得 I B C U′B U′C + – – + (b) N RA RC RB A B N C (a) Unbalanced Three-Phase Systems 在三相四线制中，各项负载电压为电源的相电压，各相需单独计算。但中线电流不再为零，不对称程度越大，中线电流越大。 在三相三线制中，负载中点与电源中点脱开，不能保证各项负载电压为电源的相电压，不能用各相单独计算的方法。只能把三相电路看成是多电源共同作用的复杂电路来计算。 Application: electric light circuits A C B ... ... ... 一层楼 二层楼 三层楼 N connection: Electric light of the same flour are in parallel, powered by one phase. Each bulb can work at the rated voltage 220v。 照明电路的一般画法 零线上不能加 刀闸和保险 A B C N . . . . . . . . . 一 层 二 层 三 层 Fuse or circuit breaker must be connected into hot wire. Discussion Electric light can’t be supplied by a three-wire ac system A C B ... ... ... 一层楼 二层楼 三层楼 N Why? 设线电压为380V。 A相断开后，B、C两相串连，电压UBC （380V）加在B、C负载上。如果两相负载对称，则每相负载上的电压为190V。 问题1：若一楼全部断开，二、三楼仍然接通, 情况如何? A C B ... ... ... 一层楼 二层楼 三层楼 分析： 结果二、三楼电灯全部变暗，不能正常工作。 问题2：若一楼断开，二、三楼接通。但两层楼 灯的数量不等（设二楼灯的数量为三层的 1/4 结果如何？ 结果：二楼灯泡上的电压超过额定电压， 灯泡被烧毁；三楼的灯不亮。 A C B R2 R3 分析 Neutral Line 1.To unbalanced loads，loads of each phase can’t work as rated voltage without the neutral line. In order to get the equivalent phase voltage from the source, neutral line must be connected to the unbalanced Y connection loads. 2. To make sure that neutral line is working, fuse and circuit breakers can not be put on the neutral line. A C B ... ... ... 一层楼 二层楼 三层楼 N Drill:20 bulbs are powered by each phase, all of these bulbs are rated as 220V, 40W. Line voltage of the source is 380V. Calculate: All the bulbs of the three phases are working, determine line current,phase current and neutral line current. Half of the bulbs of phase A , all of the bulbs of phase B, C are working, determine line current,pha