语法-定语从句课件.ppt

2. 宜用which引导的定语从句 当定语从句的介词提前时，要用which。 The house in which they lived last year has been rebuilt. 引导非限制性定语从句时，要用which。 He bought a railway ticket for the woman, which helped her a lot. 区分定语从句和同位语从句1．定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系(1) The plane that has just taken off is for London.? ?? ?? ? 定语从句(2) The fact that he has been dead is clear.? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?同位语从句 2．定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略；同位语从句主要由that引导，在句中一般不做成分；句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等词引导，充当成分(1) The news he told me is true.(2) The news that he has just died is true.(3) The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money. 定语(4) The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve. 3. 同位语从句和先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子，而定语从句不可以(1) The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful. (2) The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice.(3) The fact that the earth moves around the sun is known to all.(4) The fact is that the earth moves around the sun.  ④在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词有时代替修饰的不是前面 的名词或代词，而是前面的整一句话。这种关系代词只有 两个: which, as Alice received an invitation from her boss, _______ came as a surprise. it B. that C. which D. he _______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. A. It B. As C. That D. What 区别： a. which 只能放在句中， 而as 从句则还可以放在句首或句中。 b. 从意义上讲，which 意为“这一点’, 而as 却可表示” 正如那样“， 有些as从句已成了固定句型, 如： as we all know, as is known to all, as you say, as I can see, as is reported, as you may have heard …… Exercises Look at the lady _______ name is Pochi. A. who B. whose C. whom D. that Those pictures ________ were drawn by Tom are nice. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which The girl ________ could sing well went to Europe. A. who B. whose C. whom D. whom 限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句 限定性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开 非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说