职称英语综合类概括大意与完成句子第8篇Screen Test逐句翻译.docxVIP

Screen Test透视检查Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of breast cancer.每年上百万的女性都做X射线透视，检查是否有乳腺癌迹象。 If this happens early enough, the disease can often be treated successfully. 如果检查得足够早，疾病就可以被成功地治疗。According to a survey published last year, 21 countries have screening programmes.根据去年公布的一项调查，21个国家有透视计划。 Nine of them, including Australia, Canada, the US and Spain, screen women under 50.其中9个国家，包括澳大利亚、加拿大、美国和西班牙为50岁以下女性进行透视。But the medical benefits of screening these younger women are controversial, partly because the radiation brings a small risk of inducing cancer. 但是，用X射线检查年轻女性，就医学上的好处而论，是有争议的，部分原因是辐射有诱发癌症的小小的危险。Also, younger women must be given higher doses of X-rays because their breast tissue is denser.另外，年轻女人乳房组织紧密，给予的X射线的剂量要多一些。Researchers at the Polytechnic University of Valencia analysed the effect of screening more than 160, 000 women at 11 local clinics. Valencia理工大学的研究人员分析了 11个社区诊所用X射线检查16万以上女性的结果。After estimating the women’s cumulative dose of radiation, they used two models to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause.估测了女性的辐射累积剂量之后，他们用两种模型计算由此导致额外癌症数量。The mathematical model recommended by Britain’s National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100,000 women, 18 of them fatal.英国国家辐射保护委员会推荐的数学模型预言，透视计划会导致每10万个女性中有36人患上癌症，18人致死。 The model preferred by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led to a lower figure of 20 cancers.联合国原子辐射影响科学委员会首选的模型得出了一个较低的数字^20人患上癌症。The researchers argue that the level of radiation-induced cancers is “not very significant” compared to the far larger number of cancers that are discovered and treated. 研究人员争辩说，与发现后接受治疗的癌症数字相比，由辐射诱发癌症的数字是很小的。The Valencia programme, they say, detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every 100,000 women screened.他们说，Valencia计划在每10万接受透视的妇女中发现300到450个乳腺癌病例。But they point out that the risk of women contracting cancer from radiation could be reduced by between