被动语态语法.pptVIP

The passive voice 动词的被动语态 The passive voice 被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者, 在被动语态中动作的执行者有时用by短语表示出来. 被动语态的构成: 助动词be+ (及物动词的) 过去分词 一般现在时 一般过去时 am (is, are) + done was (were) + done { 被动语态的用法 不知动作执行者时,常用被动语态. My bike was stolen yesterday. This car is made in America. 2. 不必要说出动作执行者时,常用被动语态. Rome was not built in a day. 3. 为了突出强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态. Thousands of beaches are polluted. 主动语态变为被动语态的步骤 把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语. 2.把动词改为被动形式,即 “be + 过去分词” . 注意 be动词要按新的主语的人称和数进行变化,时态要和原来的主动语态的时态保持一致. 3.原来主动语态句中的主语,如果需要,就放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现. 如果没有必要就可以省略.其他的成分 (定语,状语) 不变, 句式也不能变. 主动语态变被动语态的结构图 Bell invented the telephone in 1876. The telephone was invented by Bell in 1876. 主语 谓语动词过去时 宾语 时间状语 主语 谓语动词的过去分词 宾语 被动语态的几种句型 1 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by…) A sweet song was sung by her on the stage. 2 否定句 主语 + be + not +过去分词 + (by…) 3 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…) A sweet song wasn’t sung by her on the stage. Was a sweet song sung by her on the stage? 4 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…) Where was a sweet song sung by her? 被动语态的几种句型 1、 有一个宾语的句子的被动语态 2、 有两个宾语的句子的被动语态 The teacher showed me a picture. (主动句 ) I was showed a picture by the teacher.(被动句1 ) A picture was shown to me by the teacher.(被动句2) He copied others’ homework. (主动句) Others’ homework was copied by him.(被动句) 3、 含有宾语补足语的被动语态 4、在主动句中see ，watch ，hear，make 等后+宾语+动词原形的结构变为被动句时一律在see ，watch ，hear，make等后加上to。 They make the city more beautiful. (主动句 ) The city was made more beautiful by them. (被动句) He saw a girl cross the street. (主动句 ) A girl was seen to cross the street by him. (被动句) 被动语态的时态 一般时: 一般现在时 be(am, is, are) done by sb. English is spoken by many people. 一般过去时 be(was, were) done by sb. These now cars were made in Changchun last year. 一般将来时 will be done by sb. This gift will be given to my mother tomorrow. 现在完成时 have been done by sb. The wounded man has been sent to the hospital