小麦秸秆的焚烧与利用.docxVIP

《小麦秸秆的焚烧与利用》课程： 中国特色社会主义理论与实践专业： 仪器仪表工程学号：20162204002姓名： 贾 丽 娜小麦秸秆的焚烧与利用贾丽娜摘 要:农作物秸秆是宝贵的生物资源，可用作肥料、饲料、生活燃料及工副业生产的原料等。但近几年大量农作物秸秆已成为难以处理的废弃物,每年夏秋收获季节，田间露天焚烧秸秆已逐渐成为一大公害，受全社会的关注。秸秆焚烧不仅浪费了大量的资源，燃烧过程中排放出巨量的二氧化碳气体，对我们赖以生存的大气环境造成严重的污染，而且焚烧秸秆还导致破坏土壤结构，造成耕地质量下降，容易造成火灾、交通受阻、人员伤亡等重大社会问题，严重影响人民的生活和工农业生产。但秸秆作为一种生物质资源, 可用作还田肥料、饲料 、燃料、秸秆加工颗粒饲料、秸秆养殖蚯蚓等秸秆加工利用技术培养料等使用，甚至在现代科技的发展下还可以利用麦秸秆做成无害的餐具。故推广小麦秸秆的利用十分重要。关键词：小麦秸秆，焚烧，综合利用Incineration and utilization of wheat strawJialinaAbstract: crop straw is a valuable biological resources, can be used as fertilizer, feed, fuel and sideline production of raw materials. But in recent years a large number of crop straw has become difficult to deal with the waste, the annual summer harvest season, the field of open burning of straw has gradually become a major hazard, the concern of the whole society straw. Burn not only waste a lot of resources, a huge amount of carbon dioxide gas emissions during the combustion process, the atmospheric environment for the survival of our cause serious pollution, and straw burning also resulted in destroying the soil structure, caused the decline of farmland quality, easy to cause a fire, traffic congestion, casualties and other major social problems, seriously affecting peoples life the industry and agriculture production.But as a kind of straw biomass resources available for returning fertilizer, feed, fuel, and processing of grain straw feed, straw and straw processing technology using earthworm cultivation materials such as the use of straw as fertilizer, which plays a prominent role. So the use of wheat is very important.Keywords: wheat straw, incineration, comprehensive utilization0 引言 露天焚烧秸秆危害很多[1]。造成污染空气，危害人体健康。秸秆焚烧中产生的滚滚浓烟中二氧化硫的浓度比正常的大气高出一倍，二氧化氮物的浓度则要高出三倍，当可吸入颗粒物浓度达到一定程度时，会对人的眼睛、鼻子和咽喉等具有黏膜的器官产生较大的刺激，轻则造成咳嗦、胸闷、流泪，严重时可能导致支气管炎发生。也容易引发火灾，威胁群众的生命财产安全[2]。秸秆焚烧时，极易引燃周围的易燃物，尤其是在村庄、树木、电线杆附近，一旦引发火灾，后果将不堪设想。最近全国各地雾霾严重，北京能见度小于200米,局部地区能见度不足50米，甚至北京地区中小学已经因为停课，大部分飞机航班取消，全国大部分地区的空气质量也不容乐观