关系从句语法Relativeclause.ppt

Relative clause Warm-up Fill in the blanks with proper words. The man _____ came into the room was small and slender. Opposite is St. Paul’s Church, _____ you can hear some lovely music. He is the only person _____ might be able to help. Most of the mothers have a job, _____ they take both for the money and for the company. He _____ is not for reform is againt it. I. Defining vs. non-defining clauses 1. A defining clause is closely attached to the antecedent. It gives essential information about the meaning of its antecedent. Eg: This is the house which we bought last month. She is a woman who must be treated seriously. 2. A non-defining clause if not closely connected with its antecedent. It is generally separated from the main clause by a comma. Eg: The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. His wife, whose name is Ann, made me a great dinner. wh- Formal context 3. non-defining relative clause can also be used to modify the previous clause. Eg： He seems not to have grasped what I meant, _____ greatly upsets me. Liquid water changes to vapor, _____ is called evaporation. II. Relative pronoun vs. relative adv. 1. 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that person： Is he the man _____ wants to see you? He is the man (____) I saw yesterday. 2) Whose Person thing Eg： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.　 Please pass me the book whose cover is green.　 Formal: of which, of whom Eg: I travelled in a lorry the back of which the owner had loaded with corns. It is a town the inhabitants of which speak French. 3）which, that　　先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等 Eg： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 　The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 2. 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 when, where, why “P+ which” Eg