summary 写作（国外英文资料）.doc

summary 写作（国外英文资料） How to write summary of English abstract Below is a translation of the relevant chapters of the English writing handbook This is a brief statement about the topic of an article. It sums up the subject of the original in the simplest language. There are three main steps: (1) reading; (2) writing; (3) revise the written words. Step 1: read A. read the material carefully. If you cant understand it, read it twice. The more you read, the more you understand the original. B. give a title to the summary. Use words, phrases, or short sentences that can summarize the topic of an article. You can also use the topic sentence in the article as a title. Topic sentences often appear at the beginning or end of an article. A good title helps to determine the central idea of the article. Now, it is time to decide which parts of the original text are important and which ones are important. Summarize the main points of the important section. Briefly write down the main points -- topics, headings, and details that you think are important to the summary summary. Step 2: start writing A: the text should be only A third or A quarter of the original. So lets first count the words, then divide by three, and you get a number. The number of words can be less than that, but it must not exceed that number. B. the summary should be completed in his own words. Dont quote the original sentence. C. should follow the logical order of the original text. You dont have to reorganize your opinions and facts. The text must be fully and clearly shown in the original text so that your readers can grasp the original meaning of the material without having to read the original text. E. when writing a summary, you can use the following tips: 1) delete the details. Keep the main points. 2) choose one or two examples. There may be five or more examples in the original, and you just have to choose between one or two examples. 3) turn a long paragraph into a short, simple sentence. If you have