第七章. 氨基酸代谢(国外英文资料).docVIP

第七章. 氨基酸代谢 Chapter 7 amino acid metabolism This chapter points The nutritional function of protein 1. The nitrogen balance Total nitrogen balance Balanced nitrogen balance Nitrogen balance Essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids The nutritional value and complement of protein Protein digestion, absorption and corruption Amino acid deamination Amino acids are mainly deamination in three ways: oxidative deamination, transamination and joint deamination. Four,? -ketoacid metabolism Amino acids Switch to sugar or fat 3. The oxidation power The metabolism of ammonia The source and route of blood ammonia: The source of the blood ammonia. Amino acid deamination; The amide hydrolysis of amino acids; Other decomposition of nitrogen. The passage of blood ammonia: the transformation of the liver into urea; Synthesis of amino acids; To synthesize other nitrogen content; Synthesis asparagine and glutamine; Direct discharge. Ammonia transshipment in blood This is the propane-glucose cycle The operation of glutamine is used to transport ammonia The synthesis of the ornithine cycle and urea Urea synthesis is characterized by the synthesis of mitochondria and cytoplasm in the liver; To synthesize a molecule of urea requires four molecules of ATP; The synthase of arginine is a key enzyme of urea synthesis. Two nitrogen atoms in urea molecules, one from NH3 and one from aspartic acid. The decarboxylation of amino acids It is catalyzed by an amino acid decarboxylase, coenzyme phosphate, and the product is CO2 and amine. Understanding the physiological effects of several important amine substances. The concept, source and physiological function of a carbon unit Eight, the s-adenine cycle The metabolism of aromatic amino acids The main metabolic processes in nerve tissue cells are phenylalanine, tyrosine, dopamine, dopamine, norepinephrine, and adrenaline. Dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine are called catecholamine. In melanocytes, dopamine turns into melanin. The gene