动词的语法功能.docVIP

一、 学生考试易犯错的问题分析 英文文法的最基本规则 英文和我们中文最大的不同，是在动词，我们中文的动词很简单，没有所谓的第几人称，也没有复数和单数之分，更没有过去式或进行式，英文可不同了，凡是用动词的时候，必须注意很多很多则，一旦弄错了，常常是犯了大错。 在这一章，我要将英文最基本的规则一一列下。这些规则都是我们中国人所常常不注意的。 规则（１）：两个动词是不能联在一起用的。 在中文，我们常说“我是爱你的”，翻成英文，这就变成了 ＊ I am love you. 滑稽的是，这句英文句子犯了大忌，因为〝am〞是动词，〝love〞也是动词，两个动词是不能联在一起用的。这句话的正确说法是： I love you. 或者? I am in love with you. 我们中国人也会说〝我喜欢看电视〞，翻成英文，这变成 ＊ I love watch television. 这个句子也犯了同样的错。 以下几个句子都是错的，因为这些句子中都有两个动词连在一起的情形： ＊? ? ? I hate eat fish. ＊? ? ? I love play basketball. ＊? ? ? I love swim. 如果你一定要讲“我爱游泳”，怎么办呢？请看以下的规则。 例题：what _____your father do ?o A is B does C are What _____ your uncle’s job ? He is a fireman A is B does C are Joe _____ got three new dresses A has B have C is Is the boy ______ a cap your father? A wear B wearing C are ______you want to be a cook when you grow up ? A can B Do C Are I ______go to bed now A must B could C am 规则（２）：如一定要同时用两个动词，后者的前面必须加“to”或者将后者加入“ing”。“我爱游泳”，因此有两种正确的译法： I love to swim. I love swimming. 以下的句子都是正确的： I hate to eat fish. I hate eating fish. I love to play basketball. I love playing basketball I? keep? going? to? church. winter holiday ______next week. What are you going to do during your holiday? A comes B is coming C came Where ____ you go last night ? A do B were C did What _____your mother like ? She is tall and thin A does B did C is I want _____ a football match this afternon A watch B to watch C watching D watches Let’s ___ on the Pearl Cruise this eveing ！ A go B going C goes D to go We ___ flowers in Yuntai Garden tomorrow A watch B are watching C are going to watch I want ______ some reading during the school holiday A to do B do C doing You’d better ___ your parents before you go to watch the basketball match. 规则（３）：主词如果是第三人称，现在式及单数，动词必须加s. 我们中国人最不容易记得的规则，恐怕就是这一条了，以下的句子都是错的。 ＊ He write very well. ＊ Jack love playing the violin. ＊ Mary swim every day. 正确的句子是： He writes very well. Jack loves playing the violin.