专题十四：句子的成分和基本句型(国外英文资料).docVIP

专题十四：句子的成分和基本句型(国外英文资料) Topic 14: the composition of sentences and basic sentence patterns The sentence is composed of various kinds of words, which can express the whole concept. Always capitalize the first letter of the sentence and mark the end with punctuation. The composition of the sentence The parts of a sentence are called the components of a sentence. The composition of the sentence has the subject, the predicate, the appearance, the object (direct object and the indirect object), the object complement, attributive and adverbials. The subject and predicate is the main part of the sentence, predicate, object and the object Complement is a component part of the predicate, other ingredients such as attributive and adverbial is minor part of the sentence. 1 the subject The subject means what or who, usually in terms of nouns, pronouns, infinitives, or nouns, short sentences or clauses. Put the subject in the first sentence. The girl studies in No. 4 Middle School. Note: when it is subject, the following functions: It means time, weather, season, distance and nature. Its twelve thirty. To express the things that have just been mentioned. What s this? Its a fox. Its a fox. To indicate the role of the pronoun, to denote a person or thing. Who is it outside?? Its Susan. I am Susan. It is used as a form subject or form object. Its my job to teach them English Teaching them English is my job. To teach them English is to teach them English. Do you find it difficult to work out the problem? Do you find it difficult to solve the problem? The real object is to work out the problem. Whats it like being a pilot? What is a pilot like? Being a pilot is the subject of it. 2 the predicate The function of the action, feature, or state of the subject is to be indicated by the verb. The predicate and the subject are identical in person and number, usually after the subject. The predicate usually has three forms: (1) verbs or phrasal verbs He studies hard. (2) the verb and the obj