现在完成时的被动语态精讲.ppt

grammar Has/have been done 现在完成时(have/has + 过去分词) 现在完成时的动作或情况虽然发生在过去，但它强调的是与现在的关系，用来说明现在的情况。现在完成时不能与表示确定的过去时间的状语连用, 如: yesterday, two weeks ago, in 1978, when I got there 等. 现在完成时常与 already, always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet, just等不表示明确的时间副词连用, 还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带since, for 的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these few days 等。 1.动作发生在过去,但再说活之前已完成,对现在仍有影响 -Have you had lunch yet? -Yes，I have. I’ve just had it. 你吃午饭了吗？ 我刚刚吃过。 2.表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作或状态可能仍然在进行。 He has taught here since 1981 他自1981年就在这儿教书。 I haven’t seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。 一般过去时则只表示过去某时发生的动作或情况, 与现在毫无关系。 Who has opened the door?谁把门开了？（现在门还开着） Who opened the door? 谁开的门？ (指过去，与现在无关。现在门是关着还是开着，没有说明。) I have had breakfast.(现在不饿) I had breakfast.(只强调吃过早饭了,并不涉及现在饿不饿) 1.( 07福建) Danny______ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. A. works ???????B. is working C.has worked ????D. worked 2. (07浙江卷) Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where_____ yet. ??????? A. hasn’t been decided??? B. haven’t decided C. isn’t being decided?D. aren’t decided 3.(08陕西) ──Did you go to the show last night? ──Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area ____ invited A. were?? B. have been???? C. has been????? D. was 4. (08重庆) Judy is going to marry the sailor she ____ in Rome last year.???? ? A. meets????B. met ??? C. has met????D. would meet 现在完成进行时 构成:has/have been doing 表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，可能在说话时刻之前刚刚结束也可能还将持续下去 现在完成进行时和现在完成时区别: 1.现在完成进行时强调的是在一段时期内某项活动的持续性，强调的是动作本身 2.现在完成时则是强调动作产生的结果或取得的成就，而不是动作本身。 1. My hands are very dirty. I’ve been painting the house. 2. I have painted the house green. The house was white, but now it’s green. 1.(07湖南卷) Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ________ English for a year.?? A. studies??????????? B. studied?????????? C. is studying??????D. has been studying (07江西)──I have