初中英语语法动词试卷.ppt

动词的构成 be 动词 助动词 情态动词 系动词 实义动词 be 动词 be动词的几种形式 am is are was were being been be动词的用法 与名词、数词、形容词、介词连用 I am a doctor. He is ten. They are tired. The cat is under the table. be动词的用法 There be 句型 用于不可数名词和可数名词单数之前 There is a pen on the desk. There is some water in the glass. 用于复数名词之前 There are some sheep in the hill. 用于一般将来时 There is going to be a film in our school next Sunday. 用于一般过去时 There was a book on the desk yesterday. There used to be (过去常)a tall tree here. be动词的用法 Be 动词在时态中的运用 在现在进行时中 We are talking （交谈）now. 在过去进行时中 We were talking （交谈） at this time yesterday. 助动词 助动词的几种形式 do /don’t does/ doesn’t did/ didn’t will /won’t have, haven’t /has, hasn’t/had hadn’t 助动词的用法 对句子进行否定和疑问 Do you get up early every day? I didn’t （没）have lunch yesterday. Will you be back soon? He hasn’t （没）finished the work yet. 在反意疑问句中 He works in a school, doesn’t he? She has never been there,has she? 在倒装句中 They helped the farmers , so did we. I won’t visit the famous singer,neither will he. 情态动词 共同特点 情态动词后面跟动词原形 无论否定、疑问、倒装句、或反意疑问句都用情态动词 只有时态变化，没有人称变化 情态动词 解释 can / could 在表示请求允许的时候两者和互换， could比can语气更委婉。 Can I help you? Could you open the window? 在表示有能力作某事时，could是can的过去式。 I can swim. I could swim at the age of five. 情态动词 Must /have to Must 表示主观意愿，否定句用Mustn’t，否定回答用needn’t I must go now. You mustn’t play on the street. Must I clean the room now? No,you needn’t. have to表示客观条件的限制的“不得不”，它有时态和人称变化，需要助动词来否定和疑问。 I don’t have to carry the big box. He had to wash his clothes. 情态动词 解释 May / might (委婉) 表示请求别人允许。 May I use your bike? 表示可能性。May 的可能性30%，might 15% He may be a teacher. He may live in this building. 系动词 我们所学过的系动词是 变成类get，turn，become，make, go 感观动词look，sound，smell，taste，feel 似乎类 seem appear 保持类stay keep 系动词只和形容词连用，构成系表结构 I feel hungry. The day gets longer and longer. He looked happy. 实义动词 实义动词指的是有具体行为意思的动词。 实义动词在句中可以做谓语动词和非谓语动词。 做谓语动词的用法 动词会有四种形式：单三，现在分词，过去式，过去分词