桥梁工程复习(国外英语资料).doc

桥梁工程复习 1, the composition of the bridge, what is the upper structure and the lower structure, and its function? A: (1) the bridge consists of the upper structure, the lower structure, the support and the attached facilities. (2) the upper structure is the main weight structure of the bridge over the bridge, which is the main bearing structure of the bridge. The lower structures include piers, Bridges and foundations. The function is to support the upper structure and transmit the permanent load and vehicle to the basic structure. 2, how do you define and determine the size of a different bridge, a standard span, and a calculation of the size of a cross? Answer: 1), the standard models: with LK, said the bridge beam, slab bridge, long or with the center line of the bridge between the center line of pier pier line to the abutment back length of the center line of the bridge between the front line, the arch bridge and culvert will be subject to net span. 2), the calculation models: for bearing bridge, adjacent to the level of the bearing center distance, for no bearing bridge, for the bottom of the structure of the intersection of the horizontal distance between the centre. 3, what is permissible height? How does the bridge design meet its requirements when the building is highly restricted? Answer: 1), the height of the bridge in the line setting line, and the difference of the top height of the net air clearance limit, become the allowable building height. 2) when the allowable building height is restricted, can pass on the deck layout structure (such as cable-stayed bridge, suspension bridge, the concrete-filled steel-tube, etc.) way to solve them. Describe the main force characteristics of bridge, arch bridge, bridge, cable-stayed bridge and suspension bridge. Answer 1), beam bridge, no level reaction under vertical load, due to the role of reverse force perpendicular to the axis of the bearing structure is close to, and compared with the same span of other structu