宝宝先天性心脏病(国外英语资料).doc

宝宝先天性心脏病(国外英语资料) Congenital heart disease: atrial septal defect Published: 2008-07-16 published: Xiao Shiliang (visits: 4860) Atrial septal defect (ASD) is divided into primary atrial septal defect and secundum atrial septal defect. The ostium secundum atrial septal defect is usually included in the extent of the endocardial cushion defect. Therefore, clinically speaking, atrial septal defect refers to secundum atrial septal defect. Secundum atrial septal defect is divided into: Central (oval pass), lower chamber, upper cavity, mixed. Department of cardiac surgery, Wuhan Union Hospital 1. etiology Like other congenital heart diseases, it is now believed that the complex relationship of genetic and environmental factors results in the following factors that may affect fetal development and produce congenital malformations. (1) environmental factors of fetal development: Three months before pregnancy, viral or bacterial infections, especially rubella virus, followed by Coxsackie virus, the birth of infants, congenital heart disease incidence is higher. Other: such as amniotic membrane disease, fetal compression, threatened abortion in early pregnancy, maternal malnutrition, diabetes mellitus, phenylketonuria, hypercalcemia, radiation and cytotoxic drug use during early pregnancy, maternal age is too large can make fetal congenital heart disease may. (2) genetic factors: most congenital heart disease is formed by the interaction of multiple genes and environmental factors. (3) other: some congenital heart disease in plateau area are more, some congenital heart disease have obvious difference between male and female, which indicates that altitude and sex of birth place are also related to the occurrence of this disease. In patients with congenital heart disease, can be found in the etiology is very few, but to strengthen the care of pregnant women, especially in early pregnancy to prevent rubella, influenza and other rubella virus diseases and all factors related to th